GNU gettext utilities: GNU gettext utilities

1. Introduction
- 1.1 The Purpose of GNU gettext
- 1.2 I18n, L10n, and Such
- 1.3 Aspects in Native Language Support
- 1.4 Files Conveying Translations
- 1.5 Overview of GNU gettext
2. The User's View
- 2.1 Operating System Installation
- 2.2 Setting the Locale Used by GUI Programs
- 2.3 Setting the Locale through Environment Variables
- 2.4 Obtaining good output in a Windows console
- 2.5 Installing Translations for Particular Programs
3. The Format of PO Files
4. Preparing Program Sources
- 4.1 Importing the gettext declaration
- 4.2 Triggering gettext Operations
- 4.3 Preparing Translatable Strings
- 4.4 How Marks Appear in Sources
- 4.5 Marking Translatable Strings
- 4.6 Special Comments preceding Keywords
- 4.7 Special Cases of Translatable Strings
- 4.8 Letting Users Report Translation Bugs
- 4.9 Marking Proper Names for Translation
- 4.10 Preparing Library Sources
5. Making the PO Template File
- 5.1 Invoking the xgettext Program
6. Creating a New PO File
- 6.1 Invoking the msginit Program
- 6.2 Filling in the Header Entry
7. Updating Existing PO Files
- 7.1 Invoking the msgmerge Program
8. Editing PO Files
- 8.1 KDE's PO File Editor
- 8.2 GNOME's PO File Editor
- 8.3 Emacs's PO File Editor
- 8.4 Using Translation Compendia
  - 8.4.1 Creating Compendia
    - 8.4.1.1 Concatenate PO Files
    - 8.4.1.2 Extract a Message Subset from a PO File
  - 8.4.2 Using Compendia
    - 8.4.2.1 Initialize a New Translation File
    - 8.4.2.2 Update an Existing Translation File
9. Manipulating PO Files
- 9.1 Invoking the msgcat Program
- 9.2 Invoking the msgconv Program
- 9.3 Invoking the msggrep Program
- 9.4 Invoking the msgfilter Program
- 9.5 Invoking the msguniq Program
- 9.6 Invoking the msgcomm Program
- 9.7 Invoking the msgcmp Program
- 9.8 Invoking the msgattrib Program
- 9.9 Invoking the msgen Program
- 9.10 Invoking the msgexec Program
- 9.11 Highlighting parts of PO files
- 9.12 Other tools for manipulating PO files
- 9.13 Writing your own programs that process PO files
10. Producing Binary MO Files
- 10.1 Invoking the msgfmt Program
- 10.2 Invoking the msgunfmt Program
- 10.3 The Format of GNU MO Files
11. The Programmer's View
- 11.1 About catgets
  - 11.1.1 The Interface
  - 11.1.2 Problems with the catgets Interface?!
- 11.2 About gettext
- 11.3 Comparing the Two Interfaces
- 11.4 Using libintl.a in own programs
- 11.5 Being a gettext grok
- 11.6 Temporary Notes for the Programmers Chapter
12. The Translator's View
- 12.1 Introduction 0
- 12.2 Introduction 1
- 12.3 Discussions
- 12.4 Organization
- 12.5 Information Flow
- 12.6 Translating plural forms
- 12.7 Prioritizing messages: How to determine which messages to translate first
13. The Maintainer's View
- 13.1 Flat or Non-Flat Directory Structures
- 13.2 Prerequisite Works
- 13.3 Invoking the gettextize Program
- 13.4 Files You Must Create or Alter
- 13.5 Autoconf macros for use in ‘configure.ac’
- 13.6 Integrating with Version Control Systems
- 13.7 Creating a Distribution Tarball
14. The Installer's and Distributor's View
15. Other Programming Languages
- 15.1 The Language Implementor's View
- 15.2 The Programmer's View
- 15.3 The Translator's View
- 15.4 The Maintainer's View
- 15.5 Individual Programming Languages
16. Other Data Formats
- 16.1 Internationalizable Data Formats
- 16.2 Localized Data Formats
17. Concluding Remarks
- 17.1 History of GNU gettext
- 17.2 Notes on the Free Translation Project
- 17.3 Related Readings
A. Language Codes
- A.1 Usual Language Codes
- A.2 Rare Language Codes
B. Country Codes
C. Licenses
- C.1 GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
- C.2 GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
- C.3 GNU Free Documentation License
Program Index
Option Index
Variable Index
PO Mode Index
Autoconf Macro Index
General Index

This manual documents the GNU gettext tools and the GNU libintl library, version 0.22.2.

This document was generated by Bruno Haible on September, 19 2023 using texi2html 1.78a.

GNU `gettext` utilities

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