Next: Low-Level I/O, Previous: I/O Overview, Up: Top [Contents][Index]
This chapter describes the functions for creating streams and performing input and output operations on them. As discussed in I/O Overview, a stream is a fairly abstract, high-level concept representing a communications channel to a file, device, or process.
| • Streams: | About the data type representing a stream. | |
| • Standard Streams: | Streams to the standard input and output devices are created for you. | |
| • Opening Streams: | How to create a stream to talk to a file. | |
| • Closing Streams: | Close a stream when you are finished with it. | |
| • Streams and Threads: | Issues with streams in threaded programs. | |
| • Streams and I18N: | Streams in internationalized applications. | |
| • Simple Output: | Unformatted output by characters and lines. | |
| • Character Input: | Unformatted input by characters and words. | |
| • Line Input: | Reading a line or a record from a stream. | |
| • Unreading: | Peeking ahead/pushing back input just read. | |
| • Block Input/Output: | Input and output operations on blocks of data. | |
| • Formatted Output: | printf and related functions.
| |
| • Customizing Printf: | You can define new conversion specifiers for
printf and friends.
| |
| • Formatted Input: | scanf and related functions.
| |
| • EOF and Errors: | How you can tell if an I/O error happens. | |
| • Error Recovery: | What you can do about errors. | |
| • Binary Streams: | Some systems distinguish between text files and binary files. | |
| • File Positioning: | About random-access streams. | |
| • Portable Positioning: | Random access on peculiar ISO C systems. | |
| • Stream Buffering: | How to control buffering of streams. | |
| • Other Kinds of Streams: | Streams that do not necessarily correspond to an open file. | |
| • Formatted Messages: | Print strictly formatted messages. |
Next: Low-Level I/O, Previous: I/O Overview, Up: Top [Contents][Index]